Index to Volume Seven - The People - Dock Family Trees - Glossary . . .

Loggerhead or Loggerheat - A round ball of iron attached to a long handle. It heats tar by being made hot in the fire and then plunged into the tar bucket. [284]

Observations - In navigation, the data acquired by taking sights with instruments of the sun or other heavenly bodies, having observed their altitude and so on. In correspondence, remarks or opinions, generally hostile, or at any rate rude and critical. [284]

Primage - An allowance to the master of a vessel by the consignee of goods, or cargo, for care in lading. A small duty formerly paid to a local society (of pilots). These dictionary definitions are not satisfactory. Primage simply means the duty payable to port authorities proportionate to the weight of cargo taken in or taken out; lastage is the same thing, applied only to loading. Tonnage is similar but refers to the weight of the ship herself and not to the cargo. [284]

Sasse - A sluice on a navigable river. When referred to by Mr. Pepys it meant a sort of lock-gate. [284]

Stowage - Money paid for stowing goods or cargo. The act of stowing; space for stowing. [284]

Waftage - Transportation. [284]

Culm - Waste from the coal-mining processes which has only about 60% of the calorific value of normal coals. In Pembrokeshire, it was considered: 'Culm was tiny, dusty shattered fragments of coal and so had little financial value. It could, however, be mixed with clay and straw and rolled into balls to provide fuel for slow burning domestic fires. These culm fires were essential to keep the damp from the many earthen-walled local dwellings in the wet Pembrokeshire climate.' [419] A Collector of Customs in South West Wales had culm tested on a blacksmith's hearth and stated that: 'Will not burn without a mixture of clay or other substance; produces neither flame nor smoke; used for burning limestone.' [418]

Tierce - So far as I can ascertain it is an old, obsolete measure of capacity, 42 gallons, a cask of wine or a similar cask or vessel of this capacity.